The Black Death was the deadliest pandemic in human history. Component procedures may authorize DoD Governmentwide Commercial Purchase Card Ordering Officers to make purchases up to the simplified acquisition threshold in which three of the following cases? Check all that apply. Increased trade brought more wealth to West Africa. Language: The Arabic language became the governing and legal language. Practice analyzing multiple primary sources. However, the bulk of actual trade happened on the Indian Ocean. Caravans often traveled at night because the days were too hot. View of the Great Mosque from the northeast as it looked on a postcard from 1911. Learn faster with spaced repetition. However, conflict over wealth and power often weakened societies from the inside. The disease killed millions as it spread across land and sea trade routes from China across Afro-Eurasia during the 14 th century. Rulers in North Africa, Europe, and the Middle East wanted gold. Led by a chief, these smaller communities work with and have conflict with other communities in their area. Education at one of the regional learning centers (see below) was in Arabic. The Swahili city-states growth was due largely to the. The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states. Summarize what you learned from the lecture and the PBS documentary Africa's Great Civilizations: Causes of the Growth of trans-Saharan trade networks. Improved commercial practices led to an increased volume of trade and expanded the geographical range of existing trade routes including the Silk Roadspromoting the growth of powerful new trading cities. Songhai rose to replace it as the dominant power in the region, but by the end of the 16th century, it too was weakened by civil war. Not until the 19th century did many ordinary West Africans begin identifying as Muslim. Crossing the vast desert could easily result in death. They also carried with them cultural and technological goods as well, and it was these offerings that had a disproportionate impact on the cultures into which the merchants came. Mongols, pastoral people from the steppes of Central Asia, ruled over significant areas of Asia and Eastern Europe during the 13th century. Fiveable study rooms = the ultimate focus mode , 300 CE - 1000 CE, Western African Trade gold for salt with North African, 1400-1500, replaced Mali, Conquered Mali and then collapsed because of slave trade, This region is along the eastern coast of Africa allowing its use of both the Trans-Saharan Trade Network and the Indian Ocean Trade Network. Learn. Islamic culture spread into West Africa with the Islamic religion. HAUSA Merchant caravans often numbered 1,000 camels but could be as large as 10,000 camels. Ancient Roman mosaic depicting a merchant leading a camel train. Innovations in commercial practices and technology made the journey quicker and safer. Most Sub-Saharan societies did not have a written language rather passed on their history, literature, and culture through oral tradition. 1. Non-elites continued to speak their native languages. Historical Development 2 Improved commercial practices led to an expansion of trade in North Africa along the Trans-Saharan trade routes. Mansa Musa travels the Trans-Saharan Trade Network on his hajj (pilgrimage) to Mecca in Arabia, exposing those along the way to Mali's wealth and power 1200 CE - 1400 CE, replaced Ghana, Islam unites Mali and those it conquers. However, the most significant impacts were in West Africa, where large trading empires arose. Historical Development 1 Improved transportation technologies led to an expansion in trade in North Africa on the Trans-Saharan trade routes. SUNDIATA 5. The regions economy expanded as increased trade brought new goods to new places. Explain the causes and effects of growth of networks of exchange after 1200? Schools and universities opened dedicated to studying the Quran. a. an institutionalized priesthood b. an elected governor c. a council of state d. a king Q2. The Saharan desert is the world's largest desert. ETHIOPIA 7. The once mighty and wealthy Mali weakened and began to collapse following a civil war. Fast caravans averaged 25 miles each day. ; Various important and historic trade routes such as the Silk Road, Trans-Saharan trade route, and Silk Road were made during this time period so that empires and countries could buy and . The period from the eleventh through seventeenth centuries represents a golden age in Africa with an expansion of trade, commerce and prosperity. The Indian Ocean became the largest sea-based trade network in this time frame. With the creation of these new relationships came a cross pollination of culture and ideas. Identify the mosque and Jenne, and explain how it represents the impact of Islam in Africa; Understand the role of Islam on trans-Saharan trade routes. Because of all the riches, slaves, ivory, and. Like the expansion of other major global trade routes in history, merchant activity along the trans-Saharan trade routes increased as new commercial practices and technology helped people in the region trade for items they could not produce themselves. Learn. Rulers in West Africa and Egypt used enslaved people in their militaries as highly trained soldiers. The Funduq al-Najjarin was a famous rest house located along the northwestern edge of the trans-Saharan network in Fes al Bali, Morocco. During this historical period, African state and cultural systems were some of the most varied and diverse in the world. Musa was a devout Muslim, and his pilgrimage to Mecca, also known as the hajj, made him well known across Northern Africa and the Middle East. Camel caravan moving salt between Agadez and Bilma in Niger, 1985. Cultural Effects of Trade Networks As merchants traveled across the world, they carried their traditions with them. .bwg-container { justify-content: center; } #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .blog_style_images_conteiner_1{ background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); text-align: center; width: 100%; position: relative; } #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .blog_style_images_1 { display: inline-block; -moz-box-sizing: border-box; box-sizing: border-box; font-size: 0; text-align: center; max-width: 100%; width: 600px; } #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .blog_style_image_buttons_conteiner_1 { text-align: center; } #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .blog_style_image_buttons_1 { text-align: center; /*display: inline-block;*/ } #bwg_container1_1 #bwg_container2_1 .bwg_blog_style_image_1 { background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.80); text-align: center; /*display: inline-block;*/ vertical-align: middle; margin: 2px; padding: 0; border-radius: 0; border: 1px solid #F5F5F5; box-shadow: ; position: relative; 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HUM 100 Exam 2 40 Unanswered Please be sure to save at least once every 15 minutes. There were three major religions that spread in this period. They specifically site Bananas, Champa Rice (a fast growing rice that can grow two full crops per . TRANS-SAHARAN TRADE 2. As time went on, improvements in commercial practices and technological innovation allowed the amount of trade to increase. The camel's biology was well suited for crossing long distances with little water while carrying heavy cargo. North Africa developed a significant trade network that connected it to other Eurasian civilizations. The global population at the time was between 375 and 425 million. On the east coast, Swahili merchants took advantage of trade winds to engage in trade relations with the Middle East, India and China. The various networks of trade exchange in the Euro-Eurasia world brought about vast changes to the world trade. Caravanserais were also on other Afro-Eurasian relay trade networks, such as the Silk Roads. 2 AfricaRenewal August 2014 Address correspondence to: The Editor, Africa Renewal Room S-1032 United Nations, NY 10017-2513, USA, Tel: (212) 963-6857, Fax: (212) 963-4556 Others mined gold in West Africa or salt in North Africa. Some of these leaders spread, wealth and prosperity over the land, while others, Swahili City States grew in size as commerce and, population increased, therefore they became. Chief among them was the lateen sail, the sternpost rudder, the magnetic compass, and the astrolabe. Camels were first introduced to the Sahara region around 200 CE as part of trade caravans from the Arabian Peninsula. The current mosque dates from the early 1900s, but the earliest mosque on the site dates to the 13th century. All the Songhai kings were Islamic. Contents Islam created a new cultural world known as Dar al-Islam, which transcended political and . nataly_camila05. Improved transportation technologies led to an expansion in trade in North Africa on the Trans-Saharan trade routes. Terms in this set . The Indian Ocean trading network fostered the growth of states. They ranged from expansive trading . surrounding kingdoms including the Empire of Ghana. Effects of the growth of trans-Saharan trade networks. United States Declaration of Independence, Australia Moreton Education Group Pty Ltd. Control over the gold fields and trade routes could make or break the fortunes of a ruler or kingdom. Identify the significance of the Kingdom of Mail and Mansa Musa. Mali Empire Swahili City-State Summarize what you learned from the lecture and the PBS documentary Africa's Great Civilizations: Causes of the Growth of trans-Saharan trade networks. Next, were the priests, and below that was the griots, which are, historians and storytellers. Consider enrolling in Heimler's AP Essay CRAM Course: https://heimlershistory.com/coursesIn this video Heimler talks about the cultural consequences of trade in 1200-1450. Test. Depending on conditions, one trip across the Sahara could take weeks or months. Initially, only the elite converted to Islam. Camel saddles were significant technological innovations that allowed merchants to utilize camels to move people and goods. Played key role in process of state-building c.1200-1450. Trans-Saharan trade rapidly increased after the introduction of camels from Central Asia to North Africa. This preview shows page 1 - 2 out of 4 pages. For the College Board, This means foods and diseases. BANTU MIGRATIONS 10. 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Scholars estimate that slave traders moved as many as nine million enslaved people along the trans-Saharan trade routes. Its city-states were united in trade and variations of the, This eastern kingdom was a lone Christian kingdom in a region converting to Islam. Review and, Which three of the following statements about convenience checks are true? Course Hero uses AI to attempt to automatically extract content from documents to surface to you and others so you can study better, e.g., in search results, to enrich docs, and more. Trade & State Building in Africa 1200-1450.docx - Unit 2: Trade & State-Building in Africa Mali Empire (Trans-Saharan Trade) Swahili City-States (Indian, 1 out of 1 people found this document helpful. Large Islamic trading empires developed that controlled West African trade. Political stability resulting from dominance allowed trade across Eurasia to expand. Mansa Musa is a famous and powerful king who built mosques and famous libraries in Timbuktu (capital). These kingdoms brought unity, continuity, and complexity to the regions they controlled. Enslaved people found themselves in a variety of systems of servitude. Not to mention, the relative safety of the Afro-Eurasian trade routes provided the occasion for travelers to see the world and report back, not least of whom was Marco Polo and Ibn Battuta.This video corresponds to Unit 2 Topic 5 in the AP World History: Modern curriculum. SWAHILI 8. The opening up of trade routes elsewhere, and the rise of, These city-states truly achieved international trade, The top of the social structure in the Mali Empire was the, mansa or ruler, who controlled all the people within it. increase in trade along the Indian Ocean Basin. Entire towns and cities grew to service the needs of merchants moving along the trans-Saharan trade network, while others turned into market towns where merchants would gather and sell their goods. The spread of the Islam belief also played a major role. In the rural areas where most of the population lived, traditional African religious practices remained the most common form of worship until the 19th century.
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